All in the Family Edith Finds an Old Man
Here, Zoe Waxman, senior research fellow at the Oxford Centre for Hebrew and Jewish Studies, shares 12 interesting facts about Anne Frank and her diary…
ane
Anne Frank's diary is (arguably) the most famous diary of all time
Anne Frank'southward diary, originally written in Dutch and published in 1947 in The netherlands as Het Achterhuis: Dagboekbrieven 12 Juni 1942–1 Augustus 1944 (The Secret Annexe: Diary-Letters 12 June 1942–1 August 1944), had an initial print run of only 1,500 copies, simply has since become something of a phenomenon. It has been translated into more than 60 languages – from Albanian to Welsh – including Farsi, Arabic, Sinhalese and Esperanto. In 2009 it was added to the Unesco Memory of the World Register.
The Anne Frank House in Amsterdam – Anne'south hiding identify during the 2nd World War – is besides the most visited site in holland, and Anne at present even has her own unofficial Facebook page. Children from all around the world continue to write letters to Anne equally if she were their friend. She has remained irrevocably the eternal child.
- Read more | How was Anne Frank's diary edited past her begetter?
2
Anne's sis, Margot Betti Frank, too wrote a diary
Anneliese Marie Frank, known as 'Anne' to her friends and family, was born in Frankfurt-am-Main on 12 June 1929. She was the 2d and youngest child of an alloyed Jewish family. Her sister, Margot Betti Frank, who was three years older than Anne, also wrote a diary – although it has never been found.
Margot was the more studious sister. Anne, while intelligent, was oftentimes distracted by talking to her friends during school.
3
Anne Frank received her diary as a 13th altogether present
Anne chose her ain diary – an autograph volume bound with white and blood-red checked cloth, and airtight with a modest lock – equally a present for her 13th altogether. This birthday, on Friday 12 June 1942, was the last before she and her family went into hiding. To mark the occasion, Anne's female parent, Edith, made cookies for Anne to share with her friends at schoolhouse. Anne also enjoyed a party with a strawberry pie and a room decorated with flowers.
Anne's start entries describe how her family were segregated and discriminated against. Anne addressed many of her entries to an imaginary girl friend, 'Dear Kitty' or 'Dearest Kitty'.
4
Anne Frank and her family unit went into hiding later her sister was summoned to a German language work camp
After Hitler's rise to power in 1933, Anne's family decided to escape to Amsterdam, in the Nazi-occupied Netherlands, to flee the rapidly escalating anti-Semitism in Germany. Anne and her family went into hiding in Amsterdam on six July 1942, the mean solar day after Anne's elder sister, Margot, received a call-up for a German work camp. Anne's parents, Otto and Edith, had already planned to get into hiding with their daughters on xvi July, and had been arranging a underground hiding place. They went into hiding earlier than planned following Margot'southward call-upwardly, seeking refuge in the firm backside Otto's office on Prinsengracht 263 and leaving behind Anne's beloved cat named Moortje.
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5
Four other Jews lived in the secret addendum alongside the Frank family
The Franks were soon joined by iv other Jews: Hermann and Auguste van Pels with their son Peter (the male child Anne was to fall in honey with), and for a fourth dimension, Fritz Pfeffer, a German dentist. Anne'due south diary describes in great detail the tension between the eight individuals, who had to stay indoors at all times and remain quiet and so as non to arouse the suspicion of staff working in the warehouse downstairs. The archway to the annex was concealed behind a moveable bookcase.
6
Anne Frank spent a total of two years and 35 days in hiding
During that time she was unable to run into the sky, could non experience the rain or sun, walk on grass, or even walk for whatsoever length of fourth dimension. Anne focused on studying and reading books on European history and literature. She also spent time on her appearance: curling her night hair and manicuring her nails. She made lists of the toiletries she dreamt one day of buying, including: "lipstick, countenance pencil, bathroom salts, bath pulverization, eau-de-Cologne, soap, pulverisation puff" (Wednesday 7 October 1942).
seven
Anne wanted to become a famous writer
While in hiding Anne hoped that she would one day be able to render to school and she dreamt of spending a year in Paris and another in London. She wanted to study the history of art and get fluent in different languages while seeing "cute dresses" and "doing all kind of exciting things". Ultimately she wanted to become "a journalist, and later on a famous writer" (Thursday 11 May 1944).
With no friends to confide in, Anne used the diary to limited her fear, bordedom, and the struggles she faced growing up. On sixteen March 1944, she wrote: "The nicest part is being able to write down all my thoughts and feelings, otherwise I'd absolutely suffocate." In addition to her diary, Anne wrote short stories and collated her favourite sentences by other writers in a notebook.
viii
Anne rewrote her diary after listening to a BBC broadcast
On 28 March 1944, Anne and her family listened to a BBC programme circulate illegally by Radio Oranje (the vocalism of the Dutch regime-in-exile). Gerrit Bolkestein, the Dutch minister of education, art and scientific discipline, who was exiled in London, stated that afterward the state of war he wished to collect eyewitness accounts of the experiences of the Dutch people under the German language occupation. Anne immediately began rewriting and editing her diary with the view to futurity publication, calling it The Secret Annex. She did this at the same fourth dimension equally keeping her original, more private diary.
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9
The Franks were discovered just two months later on the Allied landings in Normandy
By listening daily to the broadcasts of Radio Oranje and the BBC, Anne's father, Otto Frank, was able to follow the progress of the Allied forces. He had a small map of Normandy that he marked with little blood-red pins. On Tuesday 6 June 1944, Anne excitedly wrote: "Is this really the beginning of the long-awaited liberation?" Tragically, it was not to be. Two months subsequently the Allied landings in Normandy, the police discovered the Franks' hiding place.
10
Anne Frank's diary was rescued by Miep Gies, her father's friend and secretarial assistant
On four August 1944, everyone in the annex was arrested. On four August 1944, three days after Anne's final diary entry, the Gestapo arrested Anne together with her family and the other people they were hiding with. They were betrayed by an anonymous source who had reported their beingness to the German authorities. Otto's secretary, Miep Gies, who had helped the Franks go into hiding and visited them often, retrieved Anne'south diary from the annex, hoping to one day to return it to her.
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The verbal engagement of Anne Frank's death is unknown
Anne was first sent to Westerbork, a transit camp in the netherlands, before beingness deported to Auschwitz-Birkenau. More people were murdered at Auschwitz than at whatsoever other camp – at least 1.1 meg men, women and children perished there, 90 per cent of them Jews.
Anne and her sister Margot survived Auschwitz but to exist sent to the Bergen-Belsen concentration camp. In that location the two girls died of typhus shortly before the camp was liberated by the British Army on xv Apr 1945. The exact date of their deaths is unknown. Margot was 19 years old and Anne was merely 15.
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12
Anne Frank's father was initially unsure about publishing her story
Anne's father, Otto, was the just person from the secret annex to survive. He returned to Amsterdam post-obit the liberation of Auschwitz, learning en route of his wife'southward death. In July 1945 he met i of the Brilleslijper sisters, who had been at Bergen-Belsen with Anne and Margot. From her, he learned that his daughters were dead.
Miep Gies passed on Anne'south diary to Otto Frank in July 1945. Otto later recalled: "I began to read slowly, only a few pages each day, more would have been impossible, every bit I was overwhelmed by painful memories. For me, it was a revelation. There, was revealed a completely different Anne to the child that I had lost. I had no idea of the depths of her thoughts and feelings."
After initially feeling uncertain nearly publishing Anne'due south diary, he finally decided to fulfill his daughter's wish. The diary of Anne Frank was first published in the Netherlands on 25 June 1947.
Zoe Waxman is a senior research fellow at the Oxford Centre for Hebrew and Jewish Studies and the writer of Pocket Giants: Anne Frank (The History Press, 2015), a biography of Anne Frank.
This commodity was starting time published on HistoryExtra in March 2016
Source: https://www.historyextra.com/period/second-world-war/facts-anne-frank-diary-when-found-died-amsterdam-hiding-how-long/
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